Quick Answer:
Detailed Answer:
In numerous traditions, it is stated that the term Baqīyatallāh in verse 86 of Surah Hūd is a reference to the person of Imam Mahdī (‘a) or some of the other Imams (‘a).[1] For example, the book Ikmāl al-Dīn narrates the following from Imam Bāqir (‘a): The first words which the Mahdī (‘a) will speak after his rise will be this verse: “‘What remains of Allah’s provision is better for you, should you be faithful…”[2] He will then say: I am the Baqīyatallāh and his proof and his caliph amongst you. After that, no one will greet him except that he will say: Peace be upon you oh Baqīyatallāh Fī Arḍih (اَلسَّلامُ عَلَیْکَ یا بَقِیَّةَ اللّهِ فِی أَرْضِه).[3]
In regards to the verses of the Quran, it is true that while a verse may have been revealed in regards to a specific situation, it can also pertain in a general sense to other issues as well. This can extend and apply even in to other centuries in regards to various issues which are general in nature. It is correct that the aforementioned verse is specifically referring to the people of Shu‘ayb and the term Baqīyatallāh is referring to lawful divine benefit; yet at the same time, anything or anyone that is beneficial from God can also be considered as Baqīyatallāh. All of the prophets and divine leaders are a form of Baqīyatallāh. All of the truthful leaders who fight against the enemies of humanity can be considered as a form of Baqīyatallāh; this similarly applies to the soldiers and fighters who strive in such a path.
Since Imam Mahdī (‘a) is the last leader and his battle will be the final revolution in the history of mankind, it makes sense that the term Baqīyatallāh applies to him and he is indeed worthy of such a title. In addition, he is what remains of the Prophet (ṣ) and the rest of the Imams (‘a).[4]
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